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Hashcavot (memorial prayers)Hashcava is our name for Yizcor, the memorial prayer. Hashcavot are recited by the chazzan on various occasions, usually before or during Parasha (Torah reading). An individual who is called to the Torah can ask for a Hashcava for a relative. On top of that, there are many Hashcavot which are integral part of the service. An example of this are the Hashcavot made on Shabbat for those who deceased during the last eleven months.
List of hashcavot during services
Since the 1970’s, the 11 months booklet hashcavot are recited during Shacharit, whilst the Shacharit hashcavot were recited during Mincha (swapped). Later, the Mincha hashcavot were stopped for unknown reason. Today, in Amsterdam, only the 11 months hashcavot are recited in the morning. In Amstelveen no hashcavot are read. Hashcavot booksNames of deceased members are written in various books. Different books are used at different occasions when hashcavot are recited. In total four (sets) of books are used for these Hashcavot: 1.
Four brown
leather back prayer book size brown books date back 5566 (1806). These
contain the hand written names of members, for which money was donated to say
Hashcavah on their annual Memorial Day. The names are written on the left page.
All names on the right page are erased. See intro point 2 for a possible
explanation. a) Book by date for months Nissan-Elul. b) Book by date for months Tishri-Adar. c) The third volume is missing (see 2c below). d) In Ets Haim the fourth volume was found for Kipur Mincha & Ne’ilah (see 2d below). 2.
Four big size
books called ‘yellow
books’ due to the yellow back, with white paper around. Pages are split in
two columns. The left columns are identical to the left pages of the brown books
above. The right columns contain names, which are crossed out. On the first page
of book I it is indicated that these are mi
Sheberach (blessings). This explains why the names are crossed out (erased
in the brown books): a blessing is only recited for the living! a) Same as 1a. b) Same as 1b, identical to the previous c) Hashcavot for Shabbat Mincha (one page per week) and for Yom Kippur evening. d) Hashcavot for Yom Kippur Shacharit, Mincha & Ne’ilah. Part one is still being updated when people donate money in the remembrance of loved ones. More sets (did?) exist, see title page of another type c book. 3.
A
yellow booklet, started in 5683 (1923) by Chazzan
Duque, with the names of all members who died as of that date,
usually called the “elf maanden regeister” (eleven months booklet). This is
used for the Hashcavot recited on Shabbat for those who died during the last
eleven months. A full scan, staring 5683 (1923), ending till 21 Iyar 5777 (2017),
can be found on this site. 4.
Dark
blue Booklet (single page parchment) with the names of all Chachamim of the
community plus an inlay sheet for al killed by our enimies, to be used for
Hashcavah on Kal Nidre. Further, some typed
pages with the names of the employees of the community who were killed
during the sho’ah, used during Mincha of Yom Kippur. Types of hashcavotThere are short and long hashcavot for men and women.
Eleven months hashcavotAll
names, including titles, are recited for those who died during the last eleven
months, minus one day. E.g. on 10 Tishri, hashcavot are read starting 11
Cheshvan, or in a leap year, starting 11 Kislev. The short
haschava text for men is used. After the last name, three names are always added. These are written at the top of each double page of the eleven months booklet.
As these three names were added to the 11 month booklet, this hashcava is now read in the morning, although at least for Isac Abenhacar we know it should be recited in the afternoon. Some
11 months registers. The first was stared by chazzan
Duque
in 1923 and is still maintained. [0] For the four corner-stone placers in 1671, see de Castro: de Synagoge .. te Amsterdam, reprint 1950 page 33 [1] According to prof. H. Salomon and D. Cohen Paraira, Abraham à Cohen d’Ereira is Abraham Cohen de Herrera, a religious philosopher and cabbalist. According to Salomon, Ereira is a “portugesing” from his Spanish nameThat he had the title of chacham can be seen on his burial card. T Professor
Dr. Yosef Kaplan from the department of Jewish History of the the
Hebrew University of Jerusalem wrote to me: From above it looks that he got the title “Haham” posthumous because he was wise, comparable to the titles granted posthumous to e.g. mohalim, teachers etc., see the subject “titles”. [2] Keur van grafstenen op de Portugees-Israëlitische begraafplaats te Ouderkerk aan de Amstel, D. Henriques de Casto Mz, 1883. ISBN reprint 1999 : 90-6012829-8 [3] Het Beth Haim in Ouderkerk aan de Amstel, Lydia Hagooort 2005, ISBN 90-6550-861-9 |
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